Practical Modern Hair Science 534 of High Alsace, Mulhouse, France. His fields of interest include biopolymers, the physics and chemistry of keratins, thermal analysis, and the kinetics of solid state reactions. Crystal E. Porter has been a hair scientist at the L’Oréal Institute for Ethnic Hair & Skin Research for nine years. As manager, she oversees the Physics Laboratory and Consumer Insights team to study the biophysical characteristics of hair and pigmented skin within different ethnic groups and to understand behaviors that are related to those inherent properties. She shares knowledge that she obtains with fellow scientists and consumers at both national and international venues. She’s also contributed to L’Oreal’s global classification of curl in hair and has authored numerous papers, presentations and book chapters on hair straightening and ethnic hair. She received her Bachelor’s in Chemistry from Chicago State University and her doctorate from the Missouri University of Science and Technology. She started her career as a research scientist at Unilever where she substantiated claims and supported aid-to-formulation. Ray Rigoletto has been with Ashland, Inc. (formerly ISP) for fourteen years and is currently manager of global R&D hair care and home care applications. Prior to this he was with Amerchol, a subsidiary of Union Carbide. With more than 30 years of experience at these two chemical suppliers, plus direct-to-consumer marketers such as Revlon Research Center, he has gained experience in the development and application of ingredients for personal care products. Rigoletto’s research includes conditioning, protection, and repair strategies for hair care products. He has a Bachelor’s in Biology from Texas A&M University and is an active and contributing member of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. Clarence R. Robbins is a research scientist who received his Bachelor’s in Chemistry from West Virginia Wesleyan College in 1960 and his PhD in Organic Sulfur Chemistry from Purdue